LaTeX Math Reference Guide

A comprehensive reference of LaTeX math commands with examples. Use this guide alongside our online editor.

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Greek Letters

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\alpha`	α	`\beta`	β
`\gamma`	γ	`\delta`	δ
`\epsilon`	ε	`\varepsilon`	ε
`\zeta`	ζ	`\eta`	η
`\theta`	θ	`\vartheta`	ϑ
`\iota`	ι	`\kappa`	κ
`\lambda`	λ	`\mu`	μ
`\nu`	ν	`\xi`	ξ
`\pi`	π	`\rho`	ρ
`\sigma`	σ	`\varsigma`	ς
`\tau`	τ	`\upsilon`	υ
`\phi`	φ	`\varphi`	φ
`\chi`	χ	`\psi`	ψ
`\omega`	ω
`\Gamma`	Γ	`\Delta`	Δ
`\Theta`	Θ	`\Lambda`	Λ
`\Sigma`	Σ	`\Phi`	Φ
`\Psi`	Ψ	`\Omega`	Ω

Operators

Command	Result	Command	Result
`+`	+	`-`	-
`\times`	×	`\div`	÷
`\pm`	±	`\mp`	∓
`\cdot`	·	`\circ`	∘
`\ast`	∗	`\star`	⋆
`\bullet`	∙	`\oplus`	⊕
`\ominus`	⊖	`\otimes`	⊗
`\odot`	⊙	`\oslash`	⊘
`\bigoplus`	⨁	`\bigotimes`	⨂

Relation Symbols

Command	Result	Command	Result
`=`	=	`\neq`	≠
`\approx`	≈	`\sim`	∼
`\cong`	≅	`\equiv`	≡
`\propto`	∝	`\parallel`	∥
`\leq`	≤	`\geq`	≥
`\ll`	≪	`\gg`	≫
`\subset`	⊂	`\supset`	⊃
`\subseteq`	⊆	`\supseteq`	⊇
`\in`	∈	`\notin`	∉
`\ni`	∋	`\mid`	∣

Calculus & Analysis

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\int`	∫	`\iint`	∬
`\iiint`	∭	`\oint`	∮
`\partial`	∂	`\nabla`	∇
`\infty`	∞	`\lim`	lim
`\sum`	∑	`\prod`	∏
`\coprod`	∐	`\prime`	′

Arrows

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\to`	→	`\rightarrow`	→
`\Rightarrow`	⇒	`\Leftarrow`	⇐
`\leftrightarrow`	↔	`\Leftrightarrow`	⇔
`\mapsto`	↦	`\longmapsto`	⟼
`\implies`	⟹	`\iff`	⟷
`\uparrow`	↑	`\downarrow`	↓
`\nearrow`	↗	`\searrow`	↘
`\swarrow`	↙	`\nwarrow`	↖
`\longrightarrow`	⟶	`\Longrightarrow`	⟹
`\Longleftarrow`	⟸	`\Longleftrightarrow`	⟺

Matrices & Delimiters

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{matrix}`	matrix	`\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}`	(matrix)
`\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}`	[matrix]	`\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}`	\|matrix\|
`\left( ... \right)`	auto size	`\bigl( ... \bigr)`	fixed size
`\lceil x \rceil`	⌈x⌉	`\lfloor x \rfloor`	⌊x⌋
`\langle x \rangle`	⟨x⟩	`\\| x \\|`	‖x‖

Accents & Decorations

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\hat{x}`	x̂	`\tilde{x}`	x̃
`\bar{x}`	x̄	`\dot{x}`	ẋ
`\ddot{x}`	ẍ	`\vec{x}`	x⃗
`\widehat{abc}`	abĉ	`\widetilde{abc}`	abc̃
`\overline{abc}`	abc̅	`\underline{abc}`	abc̲

Spacing & Formatting

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\\,`	thin space	`\\:`	medium space
`\\;`	thick space	`\\quad`	1 em space
`\\qquad`	2 em space	`\\!`	negative space
`\\text{...}`	text in math	`\\displaystyle`	display style

Standard Functions

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\sin x`	sin x	`\cos x`	cos x
`\tan x`	tan x	`\log x`	log x
`\ln x`	ln x	`\exp x`	exp x
`\max`	max	`\min`	min
`\lim`	lim	`\det`	det
`\arg`	arg	`\deg`	deg
`\sup`	sup	`\inf`	inf
`\Pr`	Pr	`\gcd`	gcd

Set Theory & Logic

Command	Result	Command	Result
`\emptyset`	∅	`\varnothing`	∅
`\cup`	∪	`\cap`	∩
`\setminus`	∖	`\complement`	∁
`\subset`	⊂	`\supset`	⊃
`\subseteq`	⊆	`\supseteq`	⊇
`\forall`	∀	`\exists`	∃
`\wedge`	∧	`\vee`	∨
`\neg`	¬	`\implies`	⟹
`\iff`	⟷	`\top`	⊤
`\bot`	⊥	`\vdash`	⊢
`\land`	∧	`\lor`	∨
`\lnot`	¬	`\subsetneq`	⊊
`\supsetneq`	⊋

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